Frame synchronization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_synchronization

Common frame synchronization schemes are:

Framing bit

A common practice in telecommunications, for example in T-carrier, is to insert, in a dedicated time slot within the frame, a noninformation bit or framing bit that is used for synchronization of the incoming data with the receiver. In a bit stream, framing bits indicate the beginning or end of a frame. They occur at specified positions in the frame, do not carry information, and are usually repetitive.

Syncword framing

Some systems use a special syncword at the beginning of every frame.

CRC-based framing

Some telecommunications hardware uses CRC-based framing.

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